A Balance of Payments (BoP) Account is an integrated statistical statement that systematically summarises, for a specific time period, the economic transactions of an economy with the rest of the world. A complete BoP Account comprises two broad accounts: (a) the Current Account; and (b) the Capital and Financial Account. Recorded in the Current Account are gross external transactions which are widely used in economic analysis. They are often used as indicators for studying consumption and investment activities within an economy and in evaluating the economic outlook of the economy. This article briefly explains the concepts of the Current Account and the interpretation of the Current Account Balance. It then presents salient features of the Current Account of Hong Kong in the past decade. The latest development in international standards for the compilation of Current Account statistics is also highlighted.